Which of the following is classified as a secondary factor in offender risk assessment?

In offender risk assessment, secondary factors play an important role in evaluating the risk of an individual committing future offenses. Employment is considered a secondary factor because it reflects the individual's stability and ability to engage in prosocial activities, which can influence their likelihood of reoffending. Stability in employment may contribute positively to an offender's social integration, providing structure and reducing opportunities for criminal behavior.

Antisocial attitude, criminal history, and antisocial behavior, on the other hand, are viewed as primary risk factors. These primary factors are closely related to the offender’s predispositions towards criminality and are significant indicators of future offending behavior. Generally, primary factors have a more direct correlation with criminal activity and risk levels, while secondary factors like employment can impact these primary factors in various ways, potentially mitigating or exacerbating risk.